Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits (2026)
Chapter: 8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021
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7 Potential Labor Supply and Employment Effects of Tax Credits
Next Chapter: 9 Alternative Policy Options
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
Suggested Citation:
"8 Impact of the EITC and CTC on Child Poverty in 2021." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2026. Pathways to Reduce Child Poverty: Impacts of Federal Tax Credits. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
doi: 10.17226/29163.
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