Appendix B

Biosketches of Authors

Trisha Tucholski is a Program Officer with the Board on Life Sciences at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. Her work at the National Academies addresses a wide range of scientific, technical, and policy issues in the life sciences and biotechnology. Prior to joining the National Academies, Dr. Tucholski was a postdoctoral fellow at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, where she investigated dynamic protein signaling networks in the innate immune system. She also developed novel mass spectrometry-based platforms for studying proteoforms in the context of heart disease at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where she earned her PhD in chemistry. Dr. Tucholski holds a BS in forensic science from Pennsylvania State University. Her professional interests lie at the intersection of science and technology innovation, security, and diplomacy. She currently is a part of the staff team that supports the Standing Committee on Advances and National Security Implications of Transdisciplinary Biotechnology.

Diane DiEuliis is a Senior Research fellow at National Defense University. Her research areas focus on emerging biological technologies, biodefense, and preparedness for biothreats. Specific topic areas under this broad research portfolio include dual use life sciences research, synthetic biology, the U.S. bioeconomy, disaster recovery, and behavioral, cognitive, and social science as it relates to important aspects of deterrence and preparedness. Dr. DiEuliis teaches an elective biotechnology course and guest lectures in foundational professional military education courses. Dr. DiEuliis served as the Assistant Director for Life Sciences in several administrations in the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) at the White House. Prior to working at OSTP, Dr. DiEuliis was a program director at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), where she managed a diverse portfolio of neuroscience research in neurodegenerative diseases. She completed a fellowship at the University of Pennsylvania in the Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and completed her postdoctoral research in the NIH Intramural research program, where she focused on cellular and molecular neuroscience. Dr. DiEuliis has a PhD in biology from the University of Delaware, in Newark, Delaware. She currently co-chairs the Standing Committee on Advances and National Security Implications of Transdisciplinary Biotechnology.

Elliot L. Chaikof (NAM) is the Johnson and Johnson Professor of Surgery at Harvard Medical School and Chair of the Department of Surgery and Surgeon-in-Chief at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. He is a member of Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the Wyss Institute, and the Broad Institute, and holds a faculty appointment at MIT.

Dr. Chaikof received his BA and MD from Johns Hopkins and a PhD in chemical engineering from MIT. Dr. Chaikof’s research interests lie at the interface of medicine, chemistry, materials science, and engineering, with applications in drug discovery and delivery, artificial organs, cell-based therapies, and tissue engineering. Within the National Academy of Medicine, Dr. Chaikof recently served as Chair of Section 1 (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Computational and Engineering Sciences) and was a member of the Committee on Emerging Science, Technology, and Innovation (CESTI). Within the National Academies, Dr. Chaikof serves as a member of the National Materials and Manufacturing Board (NMMB) and co-chaired the Committee on Biomedical Engineering Materials and Applications (BEMA). He has also served on multiple classified panels for the National Academy Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences and the Army Research Laboratory Technical Assessment Board (ARLTAB). He currently serves on the Standing Committee for Advances and National Security Implications of Transdisciplinary Biotechnology.

Charles D. Gilbert (NAS) is currently the Arthur and Janet Ross Professor and Head of the Laboratory of Neurobiology at the Rockefeller University in New York City. He studies how a series of areas in the visual cortex mediate object recognition and perceptual tasks and the way that visual experience shapes the strategy by which the cortex analyzes sensory information, a process called perceptual learning. Dr. Gilbert holds an MD from Harvard Medical School and a PhD from Harvard University in neurobiology, completing both in 1977. He has worked on brain machine interfaces, molecular pathways of brain plasticity, and training programs for perceptual learning, and is applying his discoveries on brain mechanisms of vision to the study and remediation of perceptual deficits in autism. As an undergraduate Dr. Gilbert studied biophysics at Amherst College, graduating in 1971. He was section chair for National Academy of Sciences Section 28: Neuroscience and is currently the National Academy of Science liaison for Section 28. He currently serves on the Standing Committee for Advances and National Security Implications of Transdisciplinary Biotechnology.

Kavita Berger is the Board Director of the Board on Life Sciences and co-Director of the Board on Animal Health Sciences, Conservation, and Research of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineeering, and Medicine. She is a life scientist with extensive experience in addressing a diversity of technical, policy, national security, and societal issues associated with the life sciences and biotechnology. Dr. Berger leads and oversees the Board’s work across a variety of life science areas, including basic, applied, and emerging life sciences research; biotechnology research and convergence; bioeconomy-related research and development; biosecurity and biodefense; ecology and biodiversity; and integrated human, animal, plant, and ecological health. Prior to joining the National Academies, Dr. Berger was a principal scientist at Gryphon Scientific. There, she led numerous projects involving biotechnology landscape analyses, biosecurity

and biodefense policy, risk and benefits of life science research and technologies, and international bioengagement. Dr. Berger was responsible for several biosecurity and biodefense initiatives at the American Association for the Advancement of Science, including a meeting series on topics ranging from health security to preventing biological weapons. Dr. Berger has served on two National Research Council committees related to cooperative biological engagement and on the board of directors for the nongovernmental Global Health Security Agenda Consortium, and as a subject matter expert for various government and nongovernmental organizations. A list of Dr. Berger’s publications is accessible through her MyNCBI bibliography. Dr. Berger has a PhD in genetics and molecular biology from Emory University and conducted preclinical research on HIV vaccines.