ACB Amphibious Construction Battalion

ACC America’s Climate Choices

ANZUS Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty

AON Arctic Observing Network

AR4 Fourth Assessment Report (of IPCC)

ARG Amphibious Ready Group

ASN RDA Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research, Development, and Acquisition

ASW antisubmarine warfare

C4ISR command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance

CCSM3 Community Climate System Model version 3

CCSP Climate Change Science Program (U.S.)

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CIESIN Center for International Earth Science Information Network (Columbia University)

CNA Center for Naval Analyses

CNAS Center for a New American Security

CNMOC Commander, Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command

CNO Chief of Naval Operations

COCOM Combatant Commander

COMSUBLANT Commander, Submarine Force, Atlantic Fleet

CPC Climate Prediction Center

CRMS Center for Migration and Refugee Studies

CRS Congressional Research Service

CVI Coastal Vulnerability Index

DAMOCLES Developing Arctic Modeling and Observing Capabilities for Long-Term Environmental Studies

DESDYNI deformation, ecosystem structure, and dynamics of ice

DMSP Defense Meteorological Satellite Program

DOD Department of Defense

DOE Department of Energy

DoN Department of the Navy

DSCA defense support of civil authorities

EAF expeditionary airfield

EEZ exclusive economic zone

EHF extremely high frequency

ENSO El Niño Southern Oscillation

ESA European Space Agency

EUCOM U.S. European Command

FAO foreign area officer

FLTSAT Fleet Satellite

FNMOC Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center

FSU former Soviet Union

GBS Global Broadcast Service

GCOS Global Climate Observing System

GDP gross domestic product

GEO geosynchronous Earth orbit

GERG Geochemical and Environmental Research Group

GFCS Global Framework for Climate Services

GLONASS Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System

GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System

GOOS Global Ocean Observing System

GPS Global Positioning System

HA/DR humanitarian assistance/disaster relief

HDOP horizontal dilution of precision

HF high frequency

HSPD Homeland Security Presidential Directive

ICSU International Council for Science

iGPS High Integrity GPS Augmentation Demonstration Program (Naval Research Laboratory)

INMARSAT International Maritime Satellite

INS inertial navigation system

IOC International Oceanographic Commission

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff

JHSV joint high-speed vessel

JHU/APL Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

LCS littoral combat ship

LEO low Earth orbit

LHA amphibious assault ship (general purpose)

LHD amphibious assault ship (multipurpose)

LIDAR light detection and ranging

LPD amphibious transport dock (ship)

MDA maritime domain awareness

MEB Marine Expeditionary Brigade

MEDEA Measurements of Earth Data for Environmental Analysis

MEO medium elliptical orbit

MEU Marine Expeditionary Unit

MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MLP Mobile Landing Platform

MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer

MPF Maritime Prepositioning Force

MSC Military Sealift Command

MUOS Mobile User Objective System

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization

NAVFESC Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center

NAVOCEANO Naval Oceanographic Office

NAVSEA Naval Sea Systems Command

NEO noncombatant evacuation order

NFH Navy fleet hospital

NGO nongovernmental organization

NIC National Ice Center; National Intelligence Council

NMCB Naval Mobile Construction Battalion

NMME National Multi-Model Ensemble

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOC10 Naval Operations Concept 2010

NORPAX North Pacific Experiment

NORTHCOM U.S. Northern Command

NRC National Research Council

NRL Naval Research Laboratory

NSB Naval Studies Board

NSE Naval Support Element

NSF National Science Foundation

NSIDC National Snow and Ice Data Center

NSPD National Security Presidential Directive

OCS outer continental shelf

OECD Office of Economic Cooperation and Development

ONR Office of Naval Research

OSTP Office of Science and Technology Policy

PACOM U.S. Pacific Command

PEO-Ships Program Executive Office for Ships

POM Program Objective Memorandum

QDR Quadrennial Defense Review

R&D research and development

RF radio frequency

RSR refracted-surface reflected

SACEUR Supreme Allied Commander Europe (NATO)

SAON Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks

SAP 4.1 Synthesis and Assessment Product 4.1

SAR synthetic aperture radar; search and rescue

SATCOM satellite communications

SCICEX Scientific Ice Exercise Program

SEARCH Study of Environmental Arctic Change

SERDP Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program

SOFAR sound fixing and ranging

SPAWAR Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command

SRES Special Report on Emissions Scenarios

SSN nuclear-powered attack submarine

SST sea surface temperature

SUBICEX submarine ice exercise

SUBPAC Submarine Force, Pacific Fleet

TEC total electron count

TFCC Task Force Climate Change (Navy)

TOPEX Ocean Topography Experiment

TOR terms of reference

UAV unmanned aerial vehicle

UCAR University Corporation for Atmospheric Research

UCP Unified Command Plan

UHF ultrahigh frequency

UFO UHF Follow-on (Satellite)

UN United Nations

USCG United States Coast Guard

USCGC United States Coast Guard Cutter

USGS U.S. Geological Survey

USMC United States Marine Corps

UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USN United States Navy

VDOP vertical dilution of precision

VHF very high frequency

VRIM Vulnerability-Resilience Indicators Model

WAAS wide area augmentation system

WCRP World Climate Research Program

WGS Wideband Global Satcom

WHO World Health Organization

WMO World Meteorological Organization

WRS wide area ground reference station

XBT expendable bathythermograph

XCTD expendable conductivity temperature and depth